Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO)

MIMO has been used in the wireless standard since 802.11n but I want to use this post to be able to describe what MIMO is and how it has evolved over time. What is MIMO and why is it used? MIMO is used to solve one of the biggest…

What's new with WPA3

In this article, I'm highlighting key differences between wpa2 vs wpa3, and identify key enhancements by wpa3 to secure modern wifi networks.…

OFDM vs OFDMA

First of all, let's get acronyms out of the way. OFDM - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDMA - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access OFDM/OFDMA are the methods that we use in the modern Wi-Fi network like how FHSS/DSSS were used in prior Wi-Fi standards. The main…

Preamble Puncturing

Preamble puncturing is one of the feature that allows for better spectrum efficiency than previous gen of Wi-Fi. This feature was actually introduced with 802.11ax/WiFi 6 but now it is mandatory with WiFi-7. We will likely see more clients support this feature since it is a mandatory Wi-Fi…

Multi-Link Operations

With this post, I want to take some time to take a deeper dive into this 802.11be feature and how this feature I think is going to bring substantial benefits to wireless networks. Multi-link operation (MLO) enables the use of multiple bands rather than single band in the previous…

3 features I'm most excited about with WiFi 7

In my opinion, WiFi standards prior to WiFi were already very mature, high performing and stable. WiFi 6 introduced features like OFDMA and BSS Coloring to increase performance and optimization to wireless networks. WiFi 6E introduced a new 6GHz spectrum which provides 3x more channels compared to 5 GHz (total…

Cisco's Fixed Wireless Access Solution

In my last role, I worked as Cisco Solutions Engineer supporting service providers in the US, helping them create scalable, and powerful managed service practice to differentiate their network edge in the market. Today I wanted to share my thoughts around Cisco's FWA solution and how service providers…

My 802.11 wireless troubleshooting tips

I started my IT career career as help desk support where I started as level 1 engineer at an MSP (managed service provider) to help troubleshoot WiFi connectivity on endpoints. Since then, I have worked several roles supporting many large enterprise customers and learned several tips over the years which…